Pretreatment technology for high-concentration refractory organic wastewater

Generally, high-concentration refractory organic wastewater can be summarized into several major aspects: First, COD substances that can dissolve oxygen are highly present in wastewater. If the water contains high-concentration organic wastewater, it will lead to a severe lack of oxygen content. Second, refractory organic wastewater is defined as having a COD and BOD content of less than 0.3, resulting in low biodegradability. Third, organisms, microorganisms, and toxic substances such as aromatic amines and phenolic compounds may be present in the organism, and the human body may ingest toxic substance residues through food consumption.
In ultra-high-concentration organic wastewater produced by industry, there are numerous acids and alkalis, often exhibiting strong acidity or alkalinity. Firstly, it poses an aerobic hazard: due to biodegradation, high-concentration organic wastewater can cause oxygen depletion or even anaerobic conditions in receiving water bodies, leading to the death of most aquatic organisms, thereby generating foul odors and deteriorating water quality and the environment. Secondly, it causes sensory pollution: high-concentration organic wastewater not only renders the water body useless but also severely affects the normal lives of people living near the water body. Thirdly, it poses a toxic hazard: ultra-high-concentration organic wastewater contains a large amount of toxic organic compounds, which will accumulate and store in natural environments such as water bodies and soil, eventually entering the human body and posing a threat to human health.
In recent years, the technical treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater has become a hot topic globally and a major challenge in wastewater treatment. Currently, the primary approach for treating high-concentration organic wastewater is pretreatment, where the concentration and toxicity of pollutants are reduced through specific technical treatments, effectively enhancing the biodegradability. The iron-carbon microelectrolysis method is one of the current water treatment methods, which combines various physical methods and utilizes principles such as oxidation-reduction, physical adsorption, and flocculation-sedimentation. Wastewater is discharged into a reactor filled with iron-carbon fillers, where a series of chemical oxidation reactions and electrolysis processes occur, purifying the pollutants to some extent. Iron chips, which are inherently useless materials, are utilized for the degradation of refractory organic compounds, achieving an environmentally friendly effect of "using waste to treat waste". Additionally, the iron-carbon microelectrolysis fillers demonstrate significant effectiveness and wide applicability, making them favored by many enterprises.